Hormone-modulating factors, such as smoking and celiac disease, are associated with more active disease in microscopic colitis. Smoking, celiac disease, and multiple hormonal factors may influence the ...

Ustekinumab is more efficacious than vedolizumab or anti-TNFs as second- or third-line biologic therapy for perianal Crohn disease.

Fatty acids and other food compounds may change disease activity among individuals with inflammatory bowel diseases.