The first step for semiconductor chips is visual inspection using an optical microscope or electrical measurements. 2 Mechanical probing, electron beams, emission microscopy, liquid crystal, etc., are ...

Any strategy formulation analytical technique has limits based on available information necessary to the execution of the strategy formulation analytical technique. A company's resources may affect ...

A key part of market analysis is predicting what market position your company will occupy in the future. Combining forecasting and analysis techniques allows you to determine how the market is going ...

The elements critical for the quality and safety of a material are often present in very low concentrations. This requires highly sensitive instrumentation for the determination of elemental ...