Elemental iodine is produced in Japan from underground brine (fossil salt water). Carbon steel pipes in an iodine production facility at Chiba, Japan, for brine conveyance were found to corrode more ...
THE importance of copper ions in natural redox systems is well known. For example, the oxidation of diphenols by molecular oxygen occurs by way of a Cu(I) to Cu(II) oxidation in the diphenol oxidase.
Megaw, W. J., Chadwick, R. C., Wells, A. C., and Bridges, J. E., J. Nuclear Energy, A/B 15, 176 (1961).