Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) feedback controllers are the most widely used controllers in industry. Recently, the design of molecular PID-controllers has been identified as an important goal ...

Engineered gene circuits often degrade due to mutation and selection, limiting their long-term utility. Here we present designs for genetic controllers which maintain synthetic gene expression over ...

How to define the performance criteria of a digital control feedback system, such as a PID control system. How to define the speed and resolution of the control DAC and the sense ADC by using the ...