We introduce a three-dimensional mathematical model for the dynamics of vascular endothelial cells during sprouting angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is the biological process by which new blood vessels form ...

Dark energy remains among the greatest puzzles in our understanding of the cosmos. In the standard model of cosmology called the Lambda-CDM, it is accounted for by adding a cosmological constant term ...

Medical image segmentation is a fundamental task in medical imaging analysis, aiming to partition images into anatomically or pathologically meaningful regions to assist disease diagnosis, treatment ...